Relationship between fetal ultrasonic soft markers and adverse pregnancy outcomes during the first trimester / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between soft markers found in the first trimester (11-13 + 6 gestational weeks) ultrasound screening and fetal adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods:Single pregnancy fetuses were selected from the Multicenter Clinical Study of First Trimester Screening in China during August 2017 to August 2020. The types and detection rate of soft markers during the first trimester were compared. The correlation between positive soft markers and adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by binary Logistics regression.Results:A total of 16 625 fetuses with complete follow-up outcomes were included in the group. Six hundred and seven ultrasonic soft markers were detected in 556 fetuses with positive soft markers during the first trimester, and the first four most frequently occurred were increased nuchal translucency (NT) (2.08%, 345/16 625), echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) (0.94%, 156/16 625), hypoplasia of fetal nasal bone (0.20%, 34/16 625), single umbilical artery (SUA) (0.19%, 31/16 625). Among 556 fetuses, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in fetuses with two or more positive soft markers was 32.50% (13/40), which was significantly higher than fetuses with single positive soft marker (11.05%, 57/516), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.055, P<0.001). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in positive soft markers fetus associated with structural abnormalities was 80.77% (21/26), which was significantly higher than fetuses with isolated positive soft marker (12.08%, 64/530), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=90.310, P<0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed choroid plexus cyst (CPC), SUA, echogenic bowel (EB), absent/reversed a-wave of ductus venosus, hypoplasia of fetal nasal bone, increased NT, and EIF were closely related to the adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant correlations between tricuspid regurgitation (TR), pyelectasis (PYE) and fetal adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The ultrasonic soft markers during the first trimester are of great significance in predicting fetal adverse pregnancy outcomes. For multiple positive soft markers or positive soft markers combined with structural abnormalities, more attention should be paid to them and comprehensive evaluation is required to be carried out.

Correlationbetweenimagingfindingsoflungadenocarcinomaandepidermalgrowthfactorreceptorgenemutation / 实用放射学杂志

Objective ToinvestigatethecorrelationbetweenCTimagingfindingsoflungadenocarcinomaandepidermalgrowth factorreceptor(EGFR)genemutation.Methods Theclinicaldataof150lungadenocarcinomapatientsinthehospitalfrom October 2015toOctober2017werecollectedretrospectively.AccordingtotheEGFRgenemutation,thepatientsweredividedintononeffectivemutation group (n=78)andeffective mutationgroup (n=72).Univariateanalysisand multivariate L o g istic regression modelwereperformed toexplorethepredictionsignsofeffectiveEGFRgenemutationinlungadenocarcinoma.Results Univariateanalysisshowedthatthe proportionsoffemalepatients,smokinghistory,CTfindingsofspiculesign,necroticsign,pleuralindentationandnonfibrosisin theeffectivemutationgroupweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinnoneffectivemutationgroup(P<0.05).However,therewereno significantdifferencesbetweenthesetwogroupsinage,diameteroflesions,locationoflesions,densityoflesions,lobulatedsign, cavitation sign ,air bronchogram and pleuralthickening sign (P>0 .05 ).M ultivariate L o g istic regression analysis showed thatfemale (OR=2.612),spiculesign(OR=2.476),necroticsign(OR=2.846),pleuralindentation(OR=2.221)andnonfibrosis(OR=2.476)were independentpredictorsofeffectiveEGFRgenemutationinlungadenocarcinoma(P<0.05).Conclusion FemaleandlungadenocarcinomaCT findingsofspiculesign,necroticsign,pleuralindentationandnonfibrosisarerelatedtoEGFRgenemutation,whichisofgreatsignificanceto distinguishingwildtypefrom mutanttypeofEGFRgeneandguidingtheclinicaltreatment.

Biomechanical study on side slip and forward slip promotion among children aged 3-5 years / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the forces of lower limbs during side slip and forward slip through biomechanical study, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of lower limb movements.@*Methods@#BTS SMART DX motion capture analysis system, 8 infrared high-speed cameras, Kistler three-dimensional dynamometer, BTS FREEEMG 1000 portable wireless surface electromyography system were used to collect real-time data of side slip and forward slip. SPSS 20.0 univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences of indicators between different groups.@*Results@#In the side sliding movement, there were significant differences in hip motion (P<0.01) between 3-year-old group and 5-year-old group, hip motion(P<0.01) between 4-year-old group and 5-year-old group, knee motion(P<0.05) and ankle motion(P<0.05) between 3-year-old group and 5-year-old group. There was a significant difference in hip motion(P<0.05) between 3-year-old group and 5-year-old group. The Fx force(P<0.01) and vertical Fy force(P<0.01) in the left and right directions of the 3-year-old group and the 5-year-old group were significantly different in the side-slip movement, while the Fx force(P<0.01) in the right and left directions of the 3-year-old group and the 5-year-old group were significantly different in the forward-slip movement, and the vertical Fy force(P<0.05) was significantly different. There were significant differences in the long head of biceps femoris, gastrocnemius and anterior tibial muscle between 3-year-old group and 5-year-old group (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the middle gluteal muscle, gracilis muscle, adductor magnus, pubic muscle, medial femoral muscle and soleus muscle between 3-year-old group and 5-year-old group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the anterior tibial muscle (P<0.05) between the 3-year-old group and the 5-year-old group in the supporting stage, and significant difference in the gastrocnemius muscle(P<0.05) during the swing stage. There was significant difference in the anterior tibial muscle(P<0.05) between the 3-year-old group and the 5-year-old group in the swing stage.@*Conclusion@#The development of side slip and forward slip in children aged 3 to 5 years old showed that the results suggest motor development increases significantly with age among preschoolers. Rhythmic movements of side slip and forward slip should be selected in the critical period of children’s movement development at different ages, laying the foundation for good physical and mental development.

Clinical study of the second stage of labor stage free position delivery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the clinical effect of free postnatal delivery in the second stage of labor, and to provide evidence for clinical midwifery. Methods From March 2016 to November 2017, 120 maternity patients from the First People′s Hospital of Hefei were selected and divided into research group and control group, using simple random grouping and the method of random number table, with 60 cases in each group. At the second stage of delivery, the research group used free body position at different stages, while the control group took the position of supine bladder lithotomy position. The delivery outcome, duration of the second stage, postpartum vaginal bleeding within two hours, newborn asphyxia rate, degree of perineal laceration, perineum incision rate, delivery comfort and satisfaction and midwives job satisfaction were compared. Results The vaginal delivery rate of the research group was 96.7％(58/60), which was higher than that of the control group 86.7％ (52/60). The difference was statistically significant (χ2=3.93, P<0.05). The duration of the second stage in the research group was (31.97 ± 9.85) minutes, and that of the control group was (39.50 ± 12.19) minutes. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=-3.357, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in neonatal asphyxia rate and the amount of postpartum vaginal bleeding within 2 hours between the two groups (P>0.05). The perineum integrity rate in the research group was 10.4％(6/58), higher than that in the control group, which was 0. Perineal side cut rate in the research group was 0, lower than that in the control group, which was 21.1％(11/52). The difference was statistically significant (χ2=11.31, 13.63, P<0.05). Deliverycomfort, delivery satisfaction and midwives job satisfaction in the research group were 91.7％ (55/60), 100.0％ (60/60) and 100.0％ (60/60) respectively, while delivery comfort, delivery satisfaction and midwives job satisfaction in the control group were 38.3％(23/60), 83.3％(50/60) and 76.7％(46/60). The differences were statistically significant (χ2=37.51, 10.91, 15.85, P<0.05). Conclusion The second labor stage free position is effective safe childbirth way of delivery, which can improve the natural births, shorten the labor, lighten the perineal injury, improve the puerpera childbirth comfort and satisfaction, it also raised the midwives job satisfaction, and had no adverse effect on maternal and infant outcomes, so the method has clinical application and dissemination value.

Discussion on Pollution-free and Technical Regulations of Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara and Rabdosia serra (Maxim.) Hara / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Rabdosia (Bl.) Hassk is a medicinal plant rich in enantiomers such as 15α-acetoxyl-6, 11α-epoxy-6α-hydroxy-20-oxo-6, 7-seco-ent-kaur-16-en-1, 7-olide and 15α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxy-6, 7-seco-6, 20-epoxy-1, 7-olide-ent-kaur-16-ene. It has high medicinal value and huge market potential, but the yield from wild Rabdosia (Bl.) Hassk species cannot meet the needs of marketization. Carrying out pollution-free cultivation of Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara and Rabdosia serra (Maxim.) Hara has become the most direct and effective measure to solve this problem in order to ensure the sustainable use of the resources of Rabdosia. This paper summarized a set of non- pollution cultivation system of R. rubescens and R. serra to achieve the"safe, effective, stable and controllable"target.

To analyze the performances and the related measurement values for femoro-acetabular impingement on MSCT / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the performances and characteristics of femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI)on MSCT. Methods Hips jointed MSCT scans of 109 cases (as case group)and the other 120 cases (as control group)were analyzed retrospec-tively,to analyze the anatomy and osseous abnomality of FAI.Alpha angle,offset,CE angle were measured.The data were tested by using t test and ANOVA test.Results There were 57 cases of osseous protuberance at the femoral head and neck joint,26 cases of the offset reduction,17 cases of over-coverage acetabulum,41 cases of over-deep acetabulum,20 cases of acetabular retroversion,57 cases of subcortical cystic degeneration at the femoral head and neck joint and 22 cases of subchondral cystic degeneration at the ace-tabulum margin.Significant statistical differences were found between case group and control group in alpha angle value,offset and CE angle (P<0.05).Multiple comparisons demonstrated that except results between the value of alpha angle of Cam-type and Mixed-type(P=0.071),Pincer-type and the control group(P=0.083)with no statistical significance,the differences between any other two groups reached statistical significance (P<0.05).Multiple comparisons demonstrated that except result between the value of offset of Cam-type and Mixed-type(P=0.561)with no statistical significance,the differences between any other two groups reached statistical significance (P<0.05).Multiple comparisons demonstrate that except results between the value of CE angle Pin-cer-type and Mixed-type (P=0.444),Cam-type and the control group (P=0.236)with no statistical significance,the differences be-tween any other two groups reached statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion Different type of FAI has its unique anatomical features.Alpha angle,offsetand CE angle for the diagnosis of FAI have important reference values.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Ischiofemoral Impingement Syndrome / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose To explore the diagnostic value of quantitative measurements of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in transverse and coronary sections in patients with ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) syndrome.Materials and Methods The data of 70 patients (127 hips) in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from 2013 June to 2016 April who were performed hip MRI examination was analyzed retrospectively.39 patients (67 hips) with clinical diagnosis of IFI syndrome were selected as case group,while the other 31 patients (58 hips) with clinical exclusion of IFI syndrome were selected as control group.Ischiofemoral space (IFS),quadratusfemoris space (QFS),ischial angle,femoral neck angle (FNA) and lesser trochanter angle (LTA) were measured on axial MR image with PDWI FS sequence.The cervicodiaphyseal angle (CCD) was measured on coronary section MR image with T2WI TIRM sequence.The above measurements of two groups were analyzed.Results IFS,QFS and LTA in patients of case group were 12.2 (10.2-13.9) mm,8.5 (6.9-10.4) mm and (13.8±0.7) °,while these measurements were 26.3 (22.9-30.4) mm,21.6 (19.5-25.4) mm and (19.9± 1.0) ° in patients of control group.Compared with control group,these measurements were significantly lower in case group (P＜0.01).Ischial angel,FNA were significantly higher in case group compared with control group [(131.2±0.4) ° vs.(127.1±0.6) °,29.2 (22.8-34.1) ° vs.22.7 (19-28.3) °,P＜0.01].CCD showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).QFS,LTA have positive correlation with IFS in case group (r=0.870 and 0.653,P＜0.05),while FNA,ischial angel have significant negative correlation with IFS in case group (r=-0.623 and-0.655,P＜0.05).The cut-offvalues ofQFS,FNA,ischial angel and LTA were ≤ 12.7 mm,≥ 21.75 °,≥ 131.65 °,≤ 9.3°,respectively.Conclusion The reduction ofIFS and QFS is the main imaging signs of IFI syndrome.

Role of complement activation and CVF intervention in lung inflammatory injury induced by influenza virus / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the mechanism of pulmonary inflammation induced by influenza virus , and provide reference for the development of effective drugs for viral pneumonia .Methods An influenza PR8 infection mouse model was established .The levels of inflammatory cytokines and complement molecules were determined using RT -PCR and ELISA.The pathological changes were examined using biopsy .The complement inhibitor cobra venom factor ( CVF) was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 μg/( kg· 24 h) , and then body mass .The survival rate and inflammatory factors were examined .Results Compared with the control group , the expressions of complement regulatory molecule Crry and CD59 were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while those of complement C9 and complement receptor C3aR and C5aR were significantly increased in the lungs of influenza model mice (P<0.01).Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γwere highly expressed , but anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 was lowly expressed in serum .Treatment with CVF caused a sight body mass loss, a survival rate increase and a lung index decrease (P <0.05).Moreover, an IL-2 expression increase and a decrease of IL-6, TNF -αand INF-γexpression were observed in CVF treatment mice ( P< 0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of complement activation can increase the survival rate of mice with influenza pneumonia and decrease pulmonary indexes .thus delaying the pathogenesis of PR 8.

Characteristics of 99Tcm-MIBI hepatobiliary scintigraphy in biliary atresia model and its association with the expression of P-glycoprotein in intestinal tissues / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To establish rat models of extrahepatic biliary atresia,and to observe the characteristics of 99Tcm-MIBI hepatobiliary scintigraphy and evaluate its association with the expression Pglycoprotein (P-gp) in intestinal tissues.Methods A total of 12 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (3 rats) and the group of common bile duct ligation (CBDL;9 rats).CBDL was used to establish the rat model of extrahepatic biliary atresia.99Tcm-MIBI hepatobiliary scintigraphy was performed at 2,3 and 4 weeks after ligation in the CBDL group and normal control group with continuous dynamic acquisition (3 min/frame) for 30 min and then delaying imaging at 30 min,1,2 and 3 h.After that,all rats were sacrificed,and the blood samples were taken out for the determination of serum ALT,AST,TBIL,DBIL,IBIL,ALP,γ-GT and TBA,and the tissues of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,colon and cecum were taken out for analyzing the expression level of P-gp by immunohistochemistry.Two-sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were used.Results Compared with the normal control group,the serum levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,DBIL,IBIL,ALP,γ-GT and TBA were significantly increasing at 2,3,4 weeks after ligation in CBDL group (t:-3.04 to-44.54,all P＜0.05).99Tcm-MIBI hepatobiliary imaging showed that there was radioactive accumulation in colon or cecum area,excluding the duodenum,jejunum and ileum area,at 3 h after intravenous injection of 99Tcm-MIBI in CBDL group.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that with the obstruction time prolonged,the expression levels of P-gp in duodenum,jejunum and ileum segments were gradually decreased (F=5.17,9.07,23.52;all P＜0.05),while the expression levels in the colon and cecum segments were not changed obviously (F=2.00,3.17;both P＞0.05).Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI can be excreted through intestinal mucosa,and this process may be associated with P-gp expression.

Effect of the two-step pretargeting radioimmunotherapy of CD45 monoclonal antibody and 188Re-Avidin on lymphoma Raji cell line / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To study the effect of two-step pretargeting radioimmunotherapy of CD45 McAb and 188Re-Avidin on lymphoma Raji cell line.Methods The CD45 McAb and Avidin were directly labeled with 188Re,and the labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity were measured by the paper chromatography.The specific binding test and competition binding test between 188 Re-CD45 McAb and Raji cells in vitro were also performed.CCK-8 assay was used to determine the inhibition effect on Raji cell proliferation in the pretargeted group,188Re-CD45 McAb,188Re-Avidin and 188ReO4 groups,then the cell survival and proliferation inhibition rate were calculated.Results The specific cell binding rate of 188Re-CD45 McAb with Raji cells was (70.92 ± 1.91) ％,in the competition group,the binging rate of 188Re-CD45 McAb with Raji cells was only (7.96 ± 0.87)％.The Raji cells proliferation was inhibited in all groups with 188Re radiolabel,and the inhibition rate was positively correlated with the radioactivity dose (r=0.907-0.992,P ＜0.05).However,at the same dose,the inhibition effect in the group of two-step pretargeting at each time point were all stronger than those of 188Re-CD45 McAb,188Re-Avidin and 188 ReO4-alone (t =124.76-607.98,P ＜ 0.05).But there was no significantly statistical difference in the inhibitory effect between the groups of 188Re-Avidin and 188ReO4-(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions It is confirmed that 188Re-CD45 McAb could be specifically bound to Raji cells,and the two-step pretargeting of CD45 McAb and 188Re-Avidin has obvious inhibitory effect on the Raji cell proliferation.

Radioimmunoimaging of lymphoma in mice with a two-step pretargeting strategy using biotinyled CD45 monoclonal antibody and (188)Re-avidin / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a two-step pretargeting approach to lymphoma radioimmunoimaging in mice using biotinynaled CD45 monoclonal antibody (McAb) and (188)Re-avidin in a tumor-bearing mouse model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six Nod-Scid mice bearing lymphoma cell xenograft were randomized to receive either an intravenous injection of 50 µg/200 µL biotinyled CD45 McAb followed 24 h later by an intraperitoneal injection of 3.7 MBq (50 µg/100 µL) (188)Re-avidin (two-step pretargeting group), or a single intravenous injection of 3.7 MBq (100 µg/100 µL) (188)Re-CD45 McAb (control group). SPECT was performed at 0.5, 1, 6 and 23 h post-injection to characterize (188)Re isotope biodistribution. At 24 h pos-injection, the mice were sacrificed for measurement of radioactivity uptake in the tumor and normal tissues and calculation of the tumor-to-non-tumor (T/NT) ratios.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SPECT showed that the two-step pretargeting method resulted in a low radioactivity in the blood pool during the imaging and a concentrated radioactivity in the liver and spleen. The transplanted tumor began to be displayed at 1 h post-injection and was clearly displayed at 1-6 h; the images were clear even at 23 h. With the two-step pretargeting method, the radioactive uptake at 24 h post-injection were (1.34∓0.52)%, (6.77∓2.32)%, and (2.81∓1.25)% in the tumor, kidney and liver, respectively, with low radioactivity levels in other organs and high tumor/blood and tumor/muscle ratios (4.28∓0.82 and 8.00∓0.88, respectively). In the control group, SPECT revealed intense radioactivity in the liver, spleen, and kidneys with obscure display of the tumor; at 20 h, the radioactivity in the blood pool remained high but that in the tumor was low, and the tumor/blood and tumor/muscle ratios at 24 h were only 0.58∓0.06 and 3.21∓0.24, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with (188)Re-CD45 McAb, the two-step pretargeting approach exhibits a good specificity in targeting lymphoma with an increased T/NT ratio in mice and allows early tumor display at 1 h post-injection.</p>

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Motor Aphasia after Ischemic Stroke / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus neuromuscular electrical stimulation in treating motor aphasia after ischemic stroke.MethodSeventy-five patients were randomized into a control group of 38 cases and a treatment group of 37 cases. The two groups both received basic treatment. Besides, the control group was given acupuncture treatment; the treatment group was given acupuncture plus neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The acupuncture treatment and neuromuscular electrical stimulation were given once a day, 10 d as a treatment course, totally for 2 successive courses. The Aphasia Battery of Chinese (ABC) was observed before and after treatment to evaluate the speech function.ResultThe total effective rate was 81.6%in the control group versus 89.2% in the treatment group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The Communication Activities of Daily Living (CADL-T) scores were significantly increased after intervention in both groups (P<0.01), and the CADL-T score of the treatment group was significantly higherthan that of the control group (P<0.01).Conclusion Acupuncture is effective in improving the speech dysfunction and the quality of life in patients after ischemic stroke, and it can produce a higher therapeutic efficacy when combined with neuromuscularelectrical stimulation.

Shielding effect of distance in (131)I-131 therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the shielding effect of distance in radioactive iodine treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-seven DTC patients underwent postoperative radioactive iodine treatment at the therapeutic doses ranging from 2.96 GBq to 7.4 GBq. The patients were divided into two groups to receive high-dose therapy (≥3.7 GBq, 48 patients) and low-dose therapy (<3.7 GBq, 39 patients). The radiation doses at 0.05 m, 1 m, and 3 m were recorded at different days; the doses at 1 m and 3 m on the third day, the dose of standard radioactivity source of 1.11GBq (131)I, and the natural background radioactivity were also recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The radiation dose at a 1-meter distance was significantly higher in the high-dose group than in the low-dose group (P<0.05). The radiation doses in different dose groups at the other distances or at different time points showed no significant differences (P>0.05). On the third day after therapy, the radiation dose at 1 m was significantly lower than the reference radioactivity source of 1.11 GBq (131)I (P=0.000), but still higher than the natural background radioactivity at 3 m (P=0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In DTC patients who receive radioactive iodine therapy, the radioactive radiation dose decreases rapidly after 3 days. The radioactive radiation dose on the third day is significantly lower than the reference radioactive radiation dose, so that the patients can be discharged with safety for contact at a distance beyond one meter.</p>

Value of hepatobiliary scintigraphy combined with total bile acid and γ-glutamyltransferase detection in etiological diagnosis of the persistent jaundice in infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the value of hepatobiliary scintigraphy combined with total bile acid (TBA) and γ-glutamyhransferase(γ-GT) detection in the differential diagnosis of persistent jaundice induced by infantile hepatitis syndrome(IHS) and congenital extrahepatic biliary atresia(EHBA).Methods A retrospective analysis of 60 infants with persistent jaundice undertaking 99Tcm-diethylacetanilide iminodiacetic acid (EHIDA) hepatobiliary scintigraphy was done in Nanfang Hospital by single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT).Meanwhile,these infants' sera were collected and separately detected by AU5431 automatic biochemical assay;the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of hepatobiliary scintigraphy with TBA and γ-GT were evaluated.Results The sensitivity to 99Tcm-EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the diagnosis of IHS and EHBA were 100.00％ (17/17 cases) and 67.57％ (25/37 cases),the specificity was 67.57％ (25/37 cases) and 100.00％ (17/17 cases),and the accuracy was 77.78％ (42/54cases) and 77.78％ (42/54 cases),respectively.The levels of TBA and γ-GT were higher in infants with EHBA than those with IHS(U =209.0,19.5,all P ＜0.05),and ROC curve analysis indicated that TBA in the IHS group and γ-GT in EHBA group had some diagnostic value[area under curve (AUC) =0.736,0.968,respectively].99Tcm-EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy combined with TBA and γ-GT analysis suggested when intestinal non-radioactive imaging was shown,TBA was 98.5 μmol/L and γ-GT was 298 U/L,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of diagnosis of EHBA were 100.00.00％ (17/17 cases),100.00％ (37/37 cases) and 100.00％ (54/54 cases) in a serial test.Conclusions Hepatobiliary scintigraphy combined with TBA and γ-GT examination can effectively identify EHBA and IHS earlier,noninvasively and safely,which have important role in further treatment in infants with persistent jaundice.

MR measurement of the basal ganglia volume in the Tourette syndrome / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To compare the volume of the basal ganglia in patients with Tourette syndrome(T S) and the normal volunteers and to explore the underlying anatomical basis of TS.Methods Thirty-one cases of TS (TS subjects),31 gender and age-matched subjects (the control subjects) were examined on a 3.0 T MRI system.The volume of the caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen of the two sides and the brain volume were measured with volume analysis software,and the data were normalized according to the individual brain volume.Statistical analysis was performed using t test to compare between the TS subjects and the controls.Results The volume of the both sides of the caudate nucleus,putamen and globus pallidus of TS subjects were (4.11 ±0.12) and (3.76 ±0.11),(2.28 ±0.12)and(2.35 ±0.28),(4.98 ±0.20) and (4.89 ±0.31)cm3,while they were (4.88 ±0.19) and (4.30 ±0.12),(2.28 ±0.12)and (2.35 ± 0.28),(4.98 ± 0.20) and (4.89 ± 0.31) cm3 in the controls,respectively.There were significant differences in the bilateral caudate nucleus and globus pallidus between the TS subjects and control subjects (t =2.97,1.74,3.72,3.93,P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences of the volume in the bilateral putamen between the TS and control subjects(t =0.47,1.31,P ＞0.05).The volume was not significantly different between the left and right caudate nucleus in the TS subjects (t =1.81,P ＞0.05),but the left volume of the caudate nucleus was bigger in the control subjects compared with the right volume,however,there was significant difference between the bilateral caudate nucleus in the control subjects (t =2.34,P ＜ 0.05).There were no differences of volume between the bilateral globus pallidus and putamen in both the TS and control subjects (t =1.12,1.44,1.68,0.38,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The abnormal volume of caudate nucleus,putamen,and the globus pallidus may be involved in the pathogenesis of TS.

Expressions of farnesoid X receptor and myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 protein are associated with poor prognosis in patients with gallbladder cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates tumorigenesis, but its clinical significance in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unclear. This study investigated its clinical and prognostic significance in GBC patients, as well as its association with the anti-apoptotic protein, myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL1) protein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FXR and MCL1 expression in 42 primary GBC and 15 normal gallbladder tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The patients and samples were collected from Ren Ji Hospital from January 2005 to December 2010. Their association with clinicopathologic factors and prognosis, as well as the correlation between FXR and MCL1 protein expression were analyzed by statistical analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with normal gallbladder tissues, FXR expression was decreased and MCL1 expression was increased in GBC, during progression of tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that FXR low-expression and MCL1 over-expression were significantly associated with overall poor survival. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that FXR and MCL1 are both prognostic factors for GBC patients. FXR low-expression was significantly correlated with MCL1 over-expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FXR might be a new molecular marker to predict the prognosis of patients with GBC and a novel therapeutic target.</p>

Radiolabelling of a lung cancer-targeting small molecule polypeptide with (131)I and its radioactivity distribution in normal rabbits / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a labeling method for a specific lung cancer-targeting small molecule peptide cNGQGEQc with ¹³¹I and observe the radioactivity distribution of the labeled peptide in rabbits using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chloramine-T method was used for ¹³¹I labeling of the tyrosine amino group on cNGQGEQc, and the labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc were determined with paper chromatography. The stability of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc in saline and human serum was assessed after incubation in water bath at 37 degrees celsius; for 24 h. The octanol-water partition coefficient lg P (the radioactivity counting ratio of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc dissolved in 100 µl octanol or in 100 µl saline) was calculated. SPECT was performed in 3 male New Zealand white rabbits after intravenous injection of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc to observe the dynamic distribution of the peptide with the time-radioactivity curve (T-A curve) of the region of interest (ROI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With a labeling efficiency of 90%, ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc showed a radiochemical purity of was 95% after purification with HPLC. The radiochemical purity of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc was (93.12 ± 1.18)% and (88.34 ± 5.43)% after intubation in saline and human serum for 24 h, respectively. The octanol-water partition coefficient lg P of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc was -1.75, suggesting its hydrosolubility. In rabbits with intravenous injection of ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc, SPECT visualized the kidneys at 1 min after the injection; the imaging of the heart and liver became attenuated at 5 min when the bladder was visualized with an increasing radioactivity. The radioactivity of the soft tissues began to fade at 30 min. No gallbladder visualization was detected, and the radioactivity of the abdomen remained low. No obvious radioactivity concentration was observed in the thyroid and stomach. The T-A curves of the ROI of all the tissues and organs descended over time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radiolabeling of cNGQGEQc with ¹³¹I is simple and highly efficient. ¹³¹I-cNGQGEQc has good stability in vitro and good distribution characteristics for in vivo imaging, and is cleared mainly by renal excretion due to its hydrosolubility. These results provide experimental basis for further studies of diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer with targeting polypeptide.</p>

(99m)Tc radiolabeling of a novel polypeptide molecular probe for lung cancer and its biodistribution in animals / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a method for (99m)Tc radiolabeling of a small molecular peptide targeting lung carcinoma and observe the biokinetics and biodistribution of the labeled peptide in normal mice and rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MAG3-peptide (cNGQGEQc) was labeled with (99m)Tc and the labeling rate was determined with paper chromatography. In vitro stability test, cysteine challenge test and serum incubation test were performed for radiochemical evaluation of the labeled peptide. Blood (99m)Tc-peptide clearance in rabbits was evaluated by determining blood radioactive concentrations at different time points after injection of 37 MBq (99m)Tc-peptide, and its dynamic distribution was investigated by SPECT imaging. The percent injected dose per gram of tissue was calculated for each organ of mice injected intravenously with 7.4 MBq (99m)Tc-peptide based on gamma counter readings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The labeling rate of (99m)Tc-peptide exceeded 90%, and the radiochemical purity was 91% after placing for 12 h at room temperature and 85% after incubation at 37 degrees celsius; with human serum. The cysteine replacement rate was less than 7%, and the binding rate of (99m)Tc-peptide with serum proteins was below 5%. SPECT imaging showed that the labeled peptide could be quickly cleared from the blood in normal animals primarily through the kidneys, and the radioactivity in other tissues and organs remained low.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(99m)Tc-peptide can be easily prepared with a high labeling yield. With good stability both in vitro and in vivo, (99m)Tc-peptide can be quickly cleared from the blood and excreted though the kidney with ideal biodistribution and biokinetics in vivo.</p>

A finger-taping switch task functional magnetic resonances imaging study in the patients with Tourette's syndrome / 中华神经科杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the central nervous system mechanisms of active of movement switch in the patients with Tourette' s syndrome( TS),and to explore the possible underlying distinct neural networks for tic trigger and generation. Methods Participants were 14 patients with TS and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers with no history of physical,psychiatric or neurological disease: All patients were assessed with functional magnetic resonances imaging (fMRI)of the brain during the intermittent performance of finger-tapping switch tasks,Blood-oxygen-level dependent-fMRI was performed using a 3.0 Tesla MR.The area over which the activation was distributed was calculated,and the activation volumes were also compared between the patients with TS and the control subjects.ResultsThe regions activated in the patients with TS and in the volunteers were similar in several brain regions,including contralateral precentral and postcentral gyrus,contralateral mesia pre-front gyrus,contralateral cingulate gyrus,contralateral insula and ipsilataral cerebellum. There were also many different activation areas between the patients and the control subjects. The patients with TS demonstrated more significant and extended activation in the contralateral pre- and postcentral gyrus than the healthy volunteers.The volume of the left pre- and postcentral gyrus of the TS patients was (8.024 ±0.071 ) cm3,while the volume of the left pre-and postcentral gyrus of the control subjects was ( 6.480 ± 0.026) cm3 ( t =3.026,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; The volume of the right pre- and postcentral gyrus was (6.192 ± 0.019) cm3 in the TS cases,while there was (5.608 ±0.037) cm3 in the control subjects (t =2.752,P ＜0.05).There were significant differences in the volumes of bilateral pre- and postcetral gyrus between the TS and control subjects. The activations of conralateral thalamus without contralateral insula were found in the patients with TS. Conversely, the contralateral insula activation without thalamus activation could be found in the healthy volunteers.ConclusionThe thalamus might play an important role in the aetiological and physiopathologic mechanisms of the TS. The thalamus along with the parietal cortex,cingulate cortex and insular cortex appear to constitute a distinct neural network for tic trigger and generation.

H-magnetic resonance spectrum of putaman of Tourette' s syndrome / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To study the changes of the putamen metabolites with magnetic resonance spectrum(MRS),and to explore possible underlying unrecongnised aetiological factor and pathophysiology mechanism in the central nervous system of the patients with Tourette' s syndrome.Methods Twenty-two cases of Tourette' s syndrome,and twenty-two gender and age-matched subjects ( the control subjects ) were performed on a clinical 3.0 T MRI system.Proton prob-voxel spectroscopy imaging (1H-MRS) was obtained from two sides of the putamen.The metabolites included N-acetylaspartate (NAA),creatine and phosphocreatine ( Cr),choline-containing compounds (Cho),and myoinositol ( MI ).The value of the NAA,Cr,Cho,and MI were calculated by integration of their peaks.The ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,ML/Cr were calculated respectively.Repeated measures analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) was used to test both the value of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,MI/Cr of the putamen for group difference,with group as between-subjects factor and side as within-subjects factor.Results The NAA/Cr ratio in patients ( left:1.29 ± 0.13 ; right:1.34 + 0.15 ) was significantly lower than that in the control subjects ( left:1.50 ± 0.08,T =1.962,P ＜0.05 ; right:1.52 ± 0.11,T =1.865,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the Cho/Cr and MI/Cr ratio between both groups.Conclusion The abnormalities of the structure and(or) function in the putamens of patients may be the one of the underlying anaetiological factors and pathophysiology mechanisms of the Tourette' s syndrome.